State of charge of lithium battery and how to charge lithium battery?

State of charge of lithium battery:
The SOC of the battery, the full name is State of Charge, the state of charge, also known as the remaining capacity, represents the ratio of the remaining capacity of the battery after it has been used for a period of time or left unused for a long time to the capacity of the fully charged state, and is usually expressed as a percentage. It is generally expressed in one byte, that is, two-digit hexadecimal, which means that the remaining power is 0%~100%. When SOC=0, it means that the battery is completely discharged, and when SOC=1, it means that the battery is fully charged.
The SOC algorithm has always been one of the key technologies for the development and application of lithium-ion battery management systems (BMS). The higher the estimation accuracy of the SOC, the higher the cruising range of the electric vehicle for the battery with the same capacity. High-precision SOC estimation can maximize the performance of lithium-ion battery packs.
At present, the most commonly used calculation methods are the ampere-hour integration method and the open circuit voltage calibration method. By establishing a lithium-ion battery model and collecting a large amount of data, the actual data is compared with the calculated data. The accumulation of a large amount of data is also the part with the highest technical content of Tesla. Tesla has applied for more than a hundred core patents in BMS-related fields such as lithium-ion battery cooling, safety, and charge balance.
The state of charge (SOC) estimation of lithium-ion batteries is a basis for battery application research. Deep charging and discharging of lithium-ion batteries in use will greatly reduce their service life. Accurate SOC estimation can prevent this situation; remaining power The accurate display of the car can also help the car control system to calculate the mileage, and the driver can better plan the driving route.
How to charge lithium ion battery?
1. Prevent charging at too high temperature. If the operating temperature is higher than the specified operating temperature, that is, the charging environment is above 35°C, the battery power will continue to decrease, that is, the battery power supply time will not be as long as usual.
2. Charge according to the standard time and procedure; all the pursuit of 12-hour ultra-long charging and the use of single-cell lithium-ion batteries for automatic shutdown are all wrong.
3. Keeping the lithium-ion battery properly charged and discharged can prolong the battery life. Maintaining the power of lithium-ion batteries at 10%~90% is beneficial to protect the battery. When charging the batteries of digital products such as mobile phones and laptops, it is not necessary to reach the maximum value.
4. Lithium-ion battery charging temperature range: 0~45 degrees Celsius, lithium-ion battery discharge temperature range: -10~+60 degrees Celsius.
5. Due to the characteristics of the lithium-ion battery itself, it has almost no memory effect. Therefore, the new lithium-ion battery in the user's mobile phone does not need special methods and equipment during the activation process. It is best to charge according to the standard time and method, especially do not charge for more than 12 hours.